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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
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Results for pirates/piracy (somalia)
14 results foundAuthor: Bawumia, Mahamudu Title: Fisheries, Ecosystems and Piracy: A Case Study of Somalia Summary: It has been argued that a possible root cause of Somali piracy is the (illegal) overfishing that has been taking place in the country's waters, which has deprived local fishers of their livelihoods, and which may be considered as another form of '�piracy'. In this paper, we explore the origins of this argument using both historical and ecosystem justice frameworks. We demonstrate in this contribution that this claim has some wings to it and that further research is needed to verify if this claim, as we suspect, is empirically valid. Details: Vancouver, BC: Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 2010. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Working Paper Series; Working Paper # 2010-04: Accessed December 2, 2010 at: ftp://ftp.fisheries.ubc.ca/FCWP/2010/FCWP_2010-04_BawumiaSumaila.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Somalia URL: Shelf Number: 120346 Keywords: Illegal FishingOffenses Against the EnvironmentPirates/Piracy (Somalia)Wildlife Crime |
Author: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee Title: Combating Somali Piracy: the EU’s Naval Operation Atalanta: Report with Evidence Summary: Piracy in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean is a serious and ongoing threat to UK and EU interests. It could spread within the region, which is unstable. The EU’s Operation Atalanta, with its operational headquarters based in Northwood, UK, has made a strong contribution to combating piracy, in particular protecting World Food Programme (WFP) ships and coordinating with other maritime forces in the area. However there are a number of areas that need improvement and require action. Naval vessels and their crews are very expensive resources in short supply. With more surveillance aircraft the Atalanta fleet could be far more effective and efficient. Similarly, the permanent availability of a tanker would prevent Atalanta vessels from having to return to port on a regular basis solely to refuel. The WFP’s use of small, slow ships makes them especially vulnerable to pirate attacks. As a result they require greater military protection and resources. The Government and the EU should insist that the WFP charter faster, larger and more modern vessels. It is even more efficient for military contingents to be placed on these vessels rather than having warships and their crew shadowing each delivery. It should be a condition of the award of a WFP contract that, when requested, the flag state allow these vessels to carry Atalanta military forces on board. Military personnel placed on commercial shipping should be given specialised training. We agree with UK policy that private security guards should not be placed on commercial shipping because of the increased risks to crew and ships. The insurance industry is not taking sufficient responsibility for ensuring that commercial shipping transiting the area complies with readily available, tried and tested procedures to reduce the risk of capture by pirates. At a minimum the industry should impose increased insurance premiums on ship operators who do not comply. We agree with the increasingly robust action taken against pirates by Atalanta forces. There is a need to change the perceived risk/reward ratio for pirate activity. We welcome the EU’s agreements with Kenya and the Seychelles to prosecute pirates, and the negotiations now taking place with other states in the region. We wait to see the number of successful prosecutions that result. There will be no solution to the problem of piracy without a solution to the root causes of the conflict on land in Somalia. We support the EU’s efforts to deal with Somalia’s problems by building up the security sector in line with democratic norms, providing humanitarian assistance and assisting the authorities in Somaliland and Puntland to strengthen their coastguards. Details: London: The Stationery Office Limited, 2010. 114p. Source: Internet Resource: 12th Report of Session 2009-10: Accessed March 29, 2011 at: http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld200910/ldselect/ldeucom/103/103.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Somalia URL: http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld200910/ldselect/ldeucom/103/103.pdf Shelf Number: 121191 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Hurlburt, Kaija Title: The Human Cost of Somali Piracy Summary: In 2010, thousands of seafarers in the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden were subjected to assaults with automatic gunfire and RPGs, beatings, and extended confinement as hostages. In some cases, hostages were used as human shields to protect pirates from navy vessels or were forced to crew “motherships” that were then used to lure and attack other merchant traffic. Some captive seafarers also were abused, both physically and psychologically. There is a genuine fear that abuse and even torture will be used with increasing frequency to provide additional leverage during ransom negotiations. Somali communities are also suffering, and their youth are put at risk by this criminal activity. In spite of the violent nature of these crimes, the human cost of piracy is still underreported and misunderstood by the public. In most communities ashore, the type of violent crime occurring in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean would be reported in a systematic and consistent way, allowing the public to grasp the significance of these crimes. However, the unique challenges of coordinating rule of law operations and public affairs in international waters, and the multinational nature of crews and the shipping industry, have resulted in inconsistent reporting of these violent crimes. The economic cost of piracy is well known. This report illustrates that the human cost of piracy may be less known, yet staggering. Details: Louisville, CO: Oceans Beyond Piracy, 2011. 33p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 6, 2011 at: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/human_cost_of_somali_piracy.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/human_cost_of_somali_piracy.pdf Shelf Number: 121976 Keywords: Hijacking of ShipsHostagesMaritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Termansen, Dan B. Title: Counter Piracy Off Somalia; A Case for Applying the Comprehensive Approach Strategy Summary: Some argue for a robust military solution inside Somalia to counter the piracy problem while others maintain that the problem is not at all suited for employing military force. Many articles focus on the impact of piracy on the International Shipping. Only very few take a holistic view on the issue, and discuss 2. or 3. order consequences of piracy in the area as a whole. Counter Piracy Operations have been going on for some years but, so far, only military means have been employed by the international community to counter piracy in the region. No unified holistic strategy has been applied, even though there seems to be consensus that the root causes are found in Somalia itself. With a holistic focus on the piracy issue off the coast of Somalia, this paper will analyze the root causes of piracy, the actors to influence, the Push-Pull factors and balance of risk involved. The paper identifies that the international community has so far primarily addressed the Pull factors focusing on naval force, disrupting pirate camps and law enforcement while leaving the Push Factors ashore largely unaddressed. Looking towards Afghanistan, the paper suggests employing elements in NATO's Comprehensive Approach in order to address all factors driving piracy, and recommends a design for how the Comprehensive Approach can be applied to the case of Somalia. The paper combines the current military efforts on Counter Piracy with a local civilian support to the Somali costal population primarily in Northeastern Somalia in a mutually supportive way From the Sea suggesting a naval PRT construction supporting Ink Blots of engagements ashore. In contrast to Afghanistan, the suggested Comprehensive Approach is applied bottom up, because it is focused only to counter piracy leaving the strategic effort to restore governance in Somalia to another time horizon. Details: Newport, RI: Joint Military Operations Department, Naval War College, 2011. 33p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 22, 2011 at: http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA536267&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA536267&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf Shelf Number: 122437 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Kilpatrick, Richard L., Jr. Title: Borrowing from Civil Aviation Security: Does International Law Governing Airline Hijacking Offer Solutions to the Modern Maritime Piracy Epidemic Off the Coast of Somalia? Summary: Maritime piracy off the coast of Somalia continues to spiral into an increasingly threatening international crisis, with attacks in the Gulf of Aden increasing during the first half of 2011. While more states have been prosecuting pirates in their national courts during the last year, United Nations officials have indicated that as many as 90 percent of pirates captured by national navies are subsequently released due to complicated legal and financial burdens associated with prosecution. In the search for solutions to the current maritime piracy problem, international legal initiatives addressing civil aviation security may offer insight. A global trend of airline hijackings beginning in the late 1960s and culminating in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, catalyzed various initiatives that have improved the efficacy of aviation security. The international legal regime governing civil aviation security developed through various international treaties, conventions, agreements, declarations, and resolutions from important international institutions. Likewise, the United States, as the world’s largest aviation market, has also contributed to the international civil aviation regime through its domestic legislation. Taken together, this broad international legal regime offers a valuable example of cooperation and collaboration between various international stakeholders to address a trend in international crime. While there are limitations that must be considered in drawing an analogy between airline hijackings and maritime piracy due to contextual and legal distinctions, there are significant similarities that foster effective comparison of approaches. In particular, the civil aviation security regime may inform the following initiatives relevant to maritime piracy: the elimination of safe havens through the enforcement of international agreements obliging states to prosecute piracy crimes; increased port security to ensure the use of Best Management Practices to avoid piratical acts; economic sanctions targeting financers of piracy crimes; and enhanced communication and coordination among stakeholders affected by the piracy crises. Details: Louisvilla, CO: One Earth Future Foundation, 2011. 31p. Source: Internet Resource: OBP Working Paper: Accessed August 22, 2011 at: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/kilpatrick_borrowing_from_civil_aviation.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/kilpatrick_borrowing_from_civil_aviation.pdf Shelf Number: 122446 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: de Bont, Saoirse Title: Prosecuting Pirates and Upholding Human Rights Law: Taking Perspective Summary: Incidents of piracy off the coast of Somalia have increased in recent years, rising by 47% between 2005 and 2009. With a growing number of states involved in the determent and disruption of attacks, there is a need to outline their human rights obligations when engaging in counter-piracy operations, so that suspected pirates are treated in accordance with international law. In addition, providing clarity to states regarding their responsibilities enables them to make informed decisions about whether, and how, to prosecute suspected pirates. Focusing on Somalia, this paper examines the piracy as situated within international law, while addressing the application of human rights treaties, and issues such as detention, right to asylum, non-refoulement, and the transfer of pirates to third parties. While ambiguity remains regarding the obligations of states dealing with suspected pirates, existing case law does provide some guidelines. However, other factors, such as political processes and expediency, have sometimes taken precedence over the protection and fulfilment of human rights. Details: Louisville, CO: One Earth Future Foundation, 2010. 43p. Source: Internet Resource: Working Paper: Accessed August 26, 2011 at: http://oneearthfuture.org/images/imagefiles/Human%20Rights%20Law%20-%20Saoirse%20de%20Bont.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Somalia URL: http://oneearthfuture.org/images/imagefiles/Human%20Rights%20Law%20-%20Saoirse%20de%20Bont.pdf Shelf Number: 122508 Keywords: Human RightsMaritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia)Prosecution |
Author: Liss, Carolin Title: Privatising the Fight Against Somali Pirates Summary: The recent audacious pirate attacks in the Gulf of Aden and off the horn of Africa have fuelled the debate about the privatisation of maritime security. Ship owners and maritime security experts, as well as representatives of industry organisations, have stated that private security companies may be able to ensure safe passage for vessels through these pirate infested waters, a task at which government agencies have failed, despite international efforts. In fact, with more than 35 hijacked vessels this year, the first hijacking of a super tanker, attacks on UN aid ships and the unprecedented payment of millions of US dollars ransom for kidnapped crew and hijacked vessels, the arguments for hiring PSCs are strong. However, the employment of PSCs in Iraq and other places around the world has clearly shown that there are problems associated with the services provided by PSCs and the regulation of such companies in conflict zones. This paper explores the risks and benefits of employing PSCs to secure shipping in the Gulf of Aden and the horn of Africa. Details: Perth, Western Australia: Asia Research Centre, Murdoch University, 2008. 19p. Source: Internet Resource: Working Paper No. 152: Accessed October 21, 2011 at: http://wwwarc.murdoch.edu.au/publications/wp/wp152.pdf Year: 2008 Country: Somalia URL: http://wwwarc.murdoch.edu.au/publications/wp/wp152.pdf Shelf Number: 123078 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia)Private SecurityPrivatization |
Author: Giampaolo, Amanda Title: Changes in Maritime Practice as a Result of Piracy in the Gulf of Aden Summary: Piracy off the coast of Somalia, particularly in the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, is a growing problem for shipping companies whose vessels frequently travel through this area to transport goods. The International Chamber of Commerce's [ICC] Commercial Crime Service [CCS] has declared this area “piracy prone”. According to The Journal of Navigation 2010 report entitled, “Piracy at Sea: Somalia an Area of Great Concern”, piracy emerged off the coast of Somalia following the collapse of the Said Barre government in 1991. However, piracy in the Gulf of Aden did not generate much alarm until 2005 when the number of incidences in a year exceeded 35 for the first time, says report author Santiago Iglesias Baniela. This was followed by a brief decline in recorded piracy in 2006, which Baniela links to the short lived governance by the Islamic Courts Union [ICU] in Somalia. The report further notes that the piracy problem grew exponentially in 2008, leading to great international concern and the formation of three international task forces: [i] the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's [NATO] counterpiracy initiatives: Operation Allied Provider [October – December 2008], Operation Allied Protector [March 2009 – August 2009], and Operation Ocean Shield [August 2009 to present]; [ii] the European Union Naval Force Somalia [EU NAVFOR] Operation Atalanta [launched in response to UN Resolutions in 2008-2009]; and [iii] the Combined Maritime Force's [CMF] Combined Taskforce 151 [CTF 151], which was created in January 2009. Despite these initial efforts, piracy continues to be a major threat to the shipping industry, explains Martin Murphy author of “Somalia: the New Barbary”. This paper provides an overview of changes in maritime practice as a result of piracy in the Gulf of Aden. Rerouting of vessels, group transits and the use of private security are discussed in more detail. Details: NATO Civil-Military Fusion Centre, 2011. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: https://www.cimicweb.org/Documents/CFC%20Anti-Piracy%20Thematic%20Papers/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Maritime_Changes_Sep_2011.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: https://www.cimicweb.org/Documents/CFC%20Anti-Piracy%20Thematic%20Papers/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Maritime_Changes_Sep_2011.pdf Shelf Number: 123302 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia)Private Security |
Author: Ramsay, Amber Title: Barriers to Prosecution: The Problem of Piracy Summary: Despite a global response by some of the world‟s most powerful navies, Somali piracy continues to wreak havoc on ships attempting to navigate the Gulf of Aden and parts of the Indian Ocean, says Time Magazine. Maritime piracy has been on the rise for years, but the international community only chose to take decisive action against it in 2008 when increasing attacks off the coast of Somalia led to economic burdens that affected the entire world. Over the past four years, efforts have been made in a variety of areas to address the issue of piracy, including through naval intervention, the development of Best Management Practices and political efforts within Somalia and the greater Horn of Africa region. However, one of the major responses, piracy prosecutions, has also proven to be one of the most difficult to manoeuvre. In attempting to establish a strong legal regime to undertake piracy prosecutions, a number of obstacles have become apparent, among them, questions of jurisdiction, customary law, financing, the capacity of regional states, and other judicial hurdles that arise when attempting to prosecute criminal acts committed in international waters. The following report will attempt to outline some of these issues and list possible next steps offered by experts in the area of maritime piracy. Details: NATO Civil-Military Fusion Centre, 2011. 9p. Source: Internet Resource: https://portal.mmowgli.nps.edu/c/wiki/get_page_attachment?p_l_id=33393&nodeId=10773&title=Published+papers&fileName=Published+papers%2FCFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Prosecution_Aug_2011_FINAL.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: https://portal.mmowgli.nps.edu/c/wiki/get_page_attachment?p_l_id=33393&nodeId=10773&title=Published+papers&fileName=Published+papers%2FCFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Prosecution_Aug_2011_FINAL.pdf Shelf Number: 123316 Keywords: Maritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Ramsey, Amber Title: Alternative Approaches: Land-based Strategies to Countering Piracy Off the Coast of Somalia Summary: This report outlines some recommended alternative land-based strategies that could be utilised to develop greater resistance to pirate activities by Somali communities and reinforce existing grassroots efforts to highlight its negative effects. Details: NATO Civil-Military Fusion Centre, 2011. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 26, 2011 at: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Alternative%20Approaches_NOV_2011_FINAL.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Alternative%20Approaches_NOV_2011_FINAL.pdf Shelf Number: 123454 Keywords: Maritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Shortland, Anja Title: Treasure Mapped: Using Satellite Imagery to Track the Developmental Effects of Somali Piracy Summary: There are increasing pressures to develop land-based approaches to Somali piracy. By making use of non-traditional data sources including local market data and satellite images, this paper is intended to be an objective analysis of who benefits from pirate ransoms. Significant amounts of ransom monies are spent within Somalia, but conspicuous consumption appears to be limited by social norms dictating resource-sharing. Around a third of pirate ransoms are converted into Somali shillings, benefiting casual labour and pastoralists in Puntland. Data analysis is complemented by examination of satellite imagery to establish where the beneficiaries are located. Pirates probably make a significant contribution to economic development in the provincial capitals Garowe and Bosasso. Puntland’s political elites are therefore unlikely to move decisively against piracy. The positive economic impacts of piracy are spread widely and a military strategy to eradicate it could seriously undermine local development. However, coastal villages have gained little from hosting pirates and may be open to a negotiated solution which offers a more attractive alternative. Details: London: Chatham House, 2012. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Africa Programme Paper: AFP PP 2012/01; Accessed January 17, 2012 at: http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Africa/0112pp_shortland.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Somalia URL: http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Africa/0112pp_shortland.pdf Shelf Number: 123632 Keywords: Maritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Osei-Tutu, Joana Ama Title: The Root Causes of the Somali Piracy Summary: This paper aims, among other things, to answer a few questions; firstly, what are the root causes of piracy in Somalia. Secondly, the efforts the international community has adopted to address the piracy issues and its effectiveness. Thirdly, how these international efforts addressed the root causes; and possible alternative routes to the international community‟s attempts. The answers to these questions will give a clearer picture of the Somali piracy problem and its genesis as well as why stakeholders‟ efforts have not resolved the problem. There will be an initial presentation of scholarly discussion on the Somali piracy issue. This would be followed by an account of attempts by both Somalis and international organizations to bring to bear some of the causes of piracy in the Gulf of Aden. The findings of these would be stated and finally, recommendations for addressing the piracy would be proposed. Details: Accra, Ghana: Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre, 2011. 24p. Source: Internet Resource: KAIPTC Occasional Paper No. 31: Accessed January 27, 2012 at: http://www.kaiptc.org/Publications/Occasional-Papers/Documents/Occasional-Paper-31-Joana.aspx Year: 2011 Country: Somalia URL: http://www.kaiptc.org/Publications/Occasional-Papers/Documents/Occasional-Paper-31-Joana.aspx Shelf Number: 123785 Keywords: Maritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Shortland, Anja Title: The Business of Pirate Protection Summary: Somali piracy is often described as a form of organized crime. There is an implicit assumption that pirate gangs handle the entire process from hijack to ransom, including the provision of security for hijacked ships. This approach fails to distinguish between different actors within modern piracy and leads to policies focusing on deterring pirate recruits and lowering the returns to investors. Drawing on Protection Theory developed for the study of Mafias, a detailed analysis of Bloomberg maps of hijacked vessels’ routes, field interviews and Somali press reports, we show that there is a clear distinction between protectors of piracy and pirates. Clan elders and their militias facilitate piracy, because they protect hijacked ships in their anchorages and have well-established channels for coordinating actions where business interests cut across clan lines. This explains the relative stability and order within the piracy business, such as the lack of re-hijacking. The paper concludes by arguing that the solution to piracy needs to focus on the enablers rather than the executors of the crime, and should be at the substate, clan level. Details: Berlin: Economics of Security, 2012. 29p. Source: Internet Resource: Economics of Security Working Paper 75: Accessed November 29, 2012 at: http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.408691.de/diw_econsec0075.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Somalia URL: http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.408691.de/diw_econsec0075.pdf Shelf Number: 127030 Keywords: HijackingMaritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPirates/Piracy (Somalia) |
Author: Zach, Danielle A. Title: Burden-sharing Multi-level Governance: A Study of the Contact Group on Piracy Off the Coast of Somalia Summary: The world confronts many threats with transnational dimensions that transcend the capacity of states, individually or collectively, to address. While the United Nations and other intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) can mitigate obstacles to international cooperation, such institutions at present are unable to fill governance gaps at the global level, as they are oftentimes under-resourced by their member states, lack compliance mechanisms, and are procedurally hidebound. Today's challenges require novel approaches that include diverse stakeholders. The subject of this study is one such initiative: the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS), which emerged with a UN Security Council imprimatur in January 2009. The CGPCS is a voluntary mechanism for states to collectively address maritime piracy emanating from Somalia as a threat to regional stability, trade, and energy security and has increasingly embraced nongovernmental actors as necessary partners. The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze the contact group's historical development, its efforts to fill governance gaps in the anti-piracy regime, and the challenges it faces; and second to evaluate the CGPCS's utility as a model mechanism for solving complex transnational problems. It seeks to engage policy and academic specialists concerned with maritime crime and global governance more broadly. This study begins with a brief examination of the contemporary development of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Horn of Africa. This review details trends in their occurrence and success as well as their economic and human costs. It then analyzes governance gaps as they relate to these maritime crimes. It subsequently examines the international community's response to what governments have called a "scourge" in the Gulf of Aden and Western Indian Ocean, documenting the CGPCS's historical development, dissecting its institutional configuration and output, and assessing the effectiveness of its efforts on land and at sea to suppress piracy off Somalia's coast. It concludes with a critical analysis of the value of this mechanism as a model global governance initiative. The study finds that the CGPCS has indeed fostered the emergence of an anti-piracy community. Given that piracy is a cross-cutting issue area involving multiple ministries/departments within governments (e.g., defense, transportation, foreign affairs, finance), the contact group has cultivated horizontal linkages among national bureaucracies. The mechanism has also fostered the development of counter-piracy institutions in various countries and in international organizations, including UN agencies. The CGPCS is most remarkable for its flexibility and inclusiveness of a broad range of states, relevant IGOs, and private industry actors. While somewhat constrained by diplomatic norms and processes, the group's informal structure has allowed it to adapt its working methods, extend participation to non-state actors, and circumvent procedural constraints that can hamstring creativity and efficiency in finding solutions to problems. The trade-off, however, is limited visibility and inclusiveness in agenda-setting and decision-making processes. The CGPCS is almost as state-centric as its counterpart UN and regional organizations - undeniably power lies with states, and particularly the most resourced among them. This analysis suggests that the CGPCS will be a useful model for collective efforts that address problems requiring fast and adaptive responses to changing situations on the ground, and on issues where power imbalances between actors will not scuttle the collaborative execution of collective goals. However, the CGPCS's applicability as a model for other issue areas is limited by the scope conditions that allow for its effectiveness: a convergence of state interests - particularly among powerful states, some of whom are unlikely bedfellows - to suppress the problem; a coalition of the willing able to bear costs; and a very circumscribed geographic area of concern. One broad lesson that can be garnered from the CGPCS is that large global governance dilemmas are perhaps best addressed in small pieces. Another lesson is that problem solving can be more effective when state and non-state actors are encouraged to assume responsibility for tasks in which they have a comparative advantage. Details: Broomfield, CO: One Earth Future Foundation, 2014. 56p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 10, 2014 at: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/attachments/Burden_Sharing_Apr29.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Somalia URL: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/attachments/Burden_Sharing_Apr29.pdf Shelf Number: 132313 Keywords: Maritime CrimePirates/Piracy (Somalia) |